Restore programs files and updates to new OS installation

Okay so I'm currently I'm running Kali unencrypted and I'm planning on upgrading my HDD and I want to reinstall Kali encrypted on the new drive (I know how to do this part just explaining the circumstances) now the part I want help with is I want to backup my programs, files, updates, settings, etcetera and put them on the new encrypted HDD I know how to do this with windows but I've only been using linux for about 7 months or so. If anyone has any ideas that would help it'd be great to hear them.

Kittos,
Adrian--